Understanding Hematuria (Blood in Urine): Common Causes in Adults

What is Hematuria?

Hematuria means there is blood in your urine. Sometimes, you can see the blood. Other times, it is only found with a urine test. Either way, hematuria (blood in urine) can be a sign of a health problem. Although it may look scary, it is not always serious. Still, you should not ignore it. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hematuria affects people of all ages, but adults may have different causes than children.

Common Causes of Hematuria in Adults

There are many reasons why adults get hematuria. Some causes are harmless, while others need quick medical care. Below are the most common causes of blood in urine in adults:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs): Bacteria can infect the bladder or kidneys. As a result, you may see blood in your urine.

Kidney stones: Hard mineral deposits can form in the kidneys. These stones may scratch the urinary tract, causing bleeding.

Enlarged prostate: In men, the prostate can grow larger with age. This can press on the bladder and cause hematuria.

Vigorous exercise: Sometimes, heavy exercise can lead to blood in urine. However, this is usually not serious.

Medications: Some drugs, like blood thinners or pain relievers, may cause bleeding in the urinary tract.

Bladder or kidney cancer: Rarely, blood in urine can be a sign of cancer. Early detection is important.

Injury: A blow to the kidneys or bladder can cause bleeding.

Because there are many possible causes, it is important to find out why you have hematuria.

When to Seek Medical Attention

Noticing blood in your urine can be alarming. However, you should not panic. Still, you should contact a doctor right away if you:

See bright red or dark brown urine

Have pain or burning when you urinate

Notice frequent urges to urinate

Have fever, chills, or back pain

See blood clots in your urine

Cannot urinate at all

Early medical care can help find the cause and prevent complications. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), you should never ignore blood in your urine.

Diagnosis and Next Steps

Doctors use several steps to diagnose hematuria symptoms and causes. First, they will ask about your health history. Then, they may do a physical exam. Next, you may need tests such as:

Urine test: This checks for blood, infection, or other problems.

Blood test: This can show how well your kidneys are working.

Imaging tests: An ultrasound or CT scan can look for stones, tumors, or injuries.

Cystoscopy: A thin tube with a camera checks the inside of your bladder.

After finding the cause, your doctor will suggest the best treatment. Sometimes, no treatment is needed. Other times, you may need medicine or a procedure.

Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

Although not all causes of hematuria can be prevented, you can lower your risk. Try these simple tips:

Drink plenty of water every day

Practice good hygiene to avoid infections

Urinate after exercise or sexual activity

Avoid holding your urine for long periods

Limit salt and processed foods to protect your kidneys

Talk to your doctor before starting new medicines

See your doctor for regular check-ups

By following these steps, you can help keep your urinary tract healthy. However, always pay attention to any changes in your urine.

Consult a healthcare professional if you notice blood in your urine or have related concerns.